Introduction: during the COVID-19 pandemic, new safety measures were implemented in all sectors. However, the Maxillofacial Surgery specialty kept on, where emergency patients were not left unattended. Objective: to characterize the maxillofacial emergencies attended at the Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente "Celia Sánchez Manduley" in Manzanillo, during the COVID-19 related epidemiological situation. Methods: an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was applied on 358 patients in the period between September 2020 and April 2021. The variables studied were as follow: age groups, sex, month when patients were attended, maxillofacial emergency´s motive, therapeutic behavior and patients with COVID-19 related symptoms. Results: the most affected age group was = 60 (22.6%), with predominance in male sex (54.2%). Most patients were attended in November and December (20.3%), the predominated maxillofacial emergencies were those associated to maxillofacial trauma (31.8%), followed by facial cellulitis (23.7%). In terms of treatment, the highest percentage of conservative treatment was associated with the medicamentation (88.3 %), while wound suturing practice predominated in surgical treatment (18.2 %). The symptom with the highest incidence was fever (3.4 %). The 61.5 % of the maxillofacial surgeons were infected with COVID-19. Conclusions: maxillofacial emergencies are more frequent in males; maxillofacial trauma and facial cellulitis predominate. The maxillofacial surgery service is vulnerable to the coronavirus infection.

Introduction: esophageal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related illness that has been described for two thousand years and currently set at the eighth place in incidence worldwide. Objective: to describe the clinical-histological features in patients with esophageal cancer at the Guido Valadares National Hospital in Timor-Leste. Method: an observational-descriptive and retrospective study was conducted in 106 patients with esophageal cancer related endoscopic and histological diagnosis. All of them attended in the Endoscopy Unit at the Gastroenterology service, from June 2016 to May 2021. Variables such as age group, sex and other risk factors like (clinical manifestations, the onset of symptom, location, endoscopic type and histological type) were analyzed. Results: esophageal cancer was more frequent in male aged 60 and older (65.1%). Smoking and alcohol intake were the predominant risk factors (64.2% and 57.5%, respectively). Most of cases were diagnosed between 3 and 6 months after the onset of symptoms, with dysphagia as the main reason for consultation (98.1%). From the endoscopic point of view, polypoid mass or vegetating lesions found in the middle third of the esophagus predominated (45.3%), with squamous cell carcinoma as the most frequent histological type. Conclusions: study of clinical-histological features in patients with esophageal cancer allows an adequate diagnostic approach to this illness, as well as the development of preventive health actions on the main risk factors identified.

Introduction: keratoplasty has been the most used technique for the treatment of corneal alterations. Objective: to describe the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of therapeutic keratoplasty in patients with severe corneal ulcer. Method: a descriptive and cross-sectional observational study was carried out on 17 eyes of 16 patients operated on for therapeutic keratoplasty who presented severe corneal ulcer, admitted to the Ophthalmology service of the Hospital “Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso” in Santiago de Cuba, in the period from January 2018 to December 2019. The variables studied were: age, gender, origin, occupation, predisposing factors, time of evolution prior to admission, previous topical treatment and causal germ. In the statistical analysis, the absolute frequency and the percentage were used for the qualitative variables, and for the quantitative ones, the mean and the standard deviation. Results: male patients predominated, retired with more than 60 years. Non-surgical ocular trauma prevailed as a predisposing factor. Prior to admission, antibiotic eye drops were applied more frequently, and the average evolution time was 12.2 days. The most preponderant group of germs was bacteria. Conclusions: the link between the causal germ and the application of previous topical medications in a prolonged manner favors the torpid evolution of the disease towards severe forms of corneal ulcer. This evolution offers a poor and prolonged response to conventional treatment schemes, which sometimes lead to a therapeutic-tectonic keratoplasty.

Introduction: since ancient times, breast cancer has been studied. It is current the most important invasive neoplasm in women and considered the leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. Objective: to assess the ultrasound, mammographic and histopathological correlation for the diagnosis of breast cancer in Guantanamo province. Method: an observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted in 140 patients during the period 2010-2015 at the Hospital General Docente "Dr. Agostinho Neto" in Guantánamo. The primary information was obtained from the Provincial Registry Database of Cancer with the diagnosis of malignant breast tumor. Results: the highest incidence of the disease was recorded in patients 45 plus years of age (80%), the average age at diagnosis was 57 ± 15 years. The left breast was more frequently affected than the right breast (53% vs. 46%), it was not common for both breasts be affected synchronously (less than 1%). The 53% of patients presented a lesion with a speculated appearance on mammography, solid appearance on ultrasound. This lesion, as per histology criteria, it corresponded to an infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Conclusions: there is a correlation between ultrasound, mammographic diagnoses and the breast cancer related definitive histopathological diagnosis.

Introduction: leptospirosis is one of the endemic zoonoses in Cuba, causing human, animal and economic losses, making it a significant health problem. Rats are a very remarkable vector. Experimental work to study fetal renal alterations in the Wistar rats has not been carried out in Cuba. Objective: to identify the main renal morphometric alterations in fetuses of Wistar rats infected with serovar Leptospira canicola, at the Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Rio in the period between 2017-2019. Method: an experimental study was carried out in pregnant Wistar rats: 2 groups with three animals each: the experimental group with a dose of bacterial concentration of 300 million leptospires per milliliter; 1 ml was inoculated to each one, infecting them with strains of Leptospira canicola. The kidneys of fetuses extracted by cesarean section were studied, and the variables: renal length and kidney weight were analyzed. Results: the results obtained confirmed kidney damage caused by Leptospira canicola both in the major and minor axis of both kidneys, as well as variations in the weight of the infected pups. Conclusions: leptospiral infection in pregnant Wistar rats causes alterations in the kidneys of the fetuses, bringing changes in the morphometry of both the major and minor axes, as well as in the body weight of the fetus, which leads to a decrease in renal weight.

Introduction: cardiovascular disease in women is undervalued as a health problem. Among the therapeutic options is cardiac rehabilitation, which contributes to the reduction of morbidity and mortality and hospitalization in both genders. Objective: to evaluate the initial behavior and the results of a cardiac rehabilitation program in patients attended in the Rehabilitación Cardiaca (Cardiac Rehabilitation) department of the Cardiology service of the Hospital General Docente “Dr. Agostinho Neto”, from Guantanamo, during the period 2015-2019. Method: a descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study was carried out. The population was made up of 667 patients enrolled in the Cardiac Rehabilitation Program (CRP). Risk factors, ergometric parameters given by exercise time, heart rate, blood pressure, and functional class were studied. A rehabilitation program was applied that included physical-aerobic and resistance exercises, evaluations were carried out through ergometric tests, and serum lipids at the beginning and at 6 months. Results: there is a different risk profile between both genders; obesity is the most prevalent risk factor in females (62.9%) and active smoking in males (78.0%). The improvement in physical capacity was greater in men than in women. The parameters used to improve the participation and adherence of women to the program are exposed. Conclusions: women have great barriers to the incorporation into cardiac rehabilitation programs. It is necessary to offer them information about their benefits to improve access and permanence in the program.

Introduction: the furcation lesion is defined as a pathological resorption of the interradicular bone, with the consequent exposure of the furcation, increased risk of bone loss and the onset of difficult-to-treat bone defects, which can be improved with the use of membranes through guided tissue regeneration. Objective: to determine the effectiveness of guided tissue regeneration in mandibular dental furcation lesions at the Clínica Estomatológica Provincial “Mártires del Moncada” in Santiago de Cuba, from Septembre 2018 to December 2019. Method: a quasi-experimental study of therapeutic intervention was carried out with a sample of 20 patients with mandibular furcation lesions and selected by non-probabilistic purposive sampling. One cluster (study group) received regenerative therapy and the other cluster (control group) was treated conventionally. Both met the diagnostic criteria and were examined before and after the treatments (6 months after treatment and 1 year after treatment). Results: after assessed the year of treatment, in group I (study group), bleeding disappeared and probing depth decreased by at least 1 mm in 100% of the cases, type I insertion gain was achieved in 60% of them, with a marked superiority in the control group. Conclusions: treatment with guided tissue regeneration has been shown to be effective in patients treated with furcation lesions in contrast to conventional treatment.

Introduction: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory entity characterized by a partially reversible limitation of airflow. Its main risk factor is smoking and there are multiple factors associated with its high mortality. Objective: to identify the factors associated with death in COPD patients belonging to the Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente “Dr. Salvador Allende”, in the period from January 1 to December 31, 2019. Method: an analytical observational epidemiological study of cases and controls was carried out. The cases were deaths (n=34) with a diagnosis of COPD, and the controls were living patients (n=59) with this diagnosis confirmed at discharge. Demographic and clinical variables were considered. The variables were considered: age, sex, smoking, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic cor pulmonale, cancer, degree of COPD, cause of hospitalization, site of hospitalization and need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Descriptive statistical methods, univariate and multivariate analysis were used to calculate risk, and logistic regression to assess confounding factors. Results: there was a predominance of patients over 65 years of age, and females. The variables associated with death from COPD were: cancer comorbidity (OR: 5.1; 95% CI: 1.2-22.4; p=0.032) and need for invasive mechanical ventilation (OR: 6.5; CI 95%: 1.1-38.3; p=0.04). Conclusions: cancer comorbidity and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation behaved as risk factors for mortality in patients with COPD.

Introduction: the scientific literature highlights the need to manage the processes, results and subjects involved in one of the key activities that guarantees the persistence of scientific knowledge: scientific publication; particularly in scientific journals. However, the analysis of the references consulted showed the lack of a deep and sufficient study of the essentials of the management of scientific journals from the organizational point of view. Objective: to analyze from the organizational approach, the main references on the management of scientific journals, in order to help reveal the specificities that distinguish it, to reach higher levels of performance of its essence and its approach. Method: a systematization of previous research experiences was carried out in the period between October 2020 to March 2021, at the Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, through the use of empirical methods (document review, analysis of social networks), theoretical (analysis and synthesis, historical-logical, induction-deduction, hermeneutic-dialectical, holistic-dialectical), and methodological procedures (content analysis). Results: those relevant aspects that, in the opinion of the authors, contribute to developing a theoretical perspective of the management of scientific journals were identified. Conclusions: the management of scientific journals is assumed as a particular case of organizational management, whose purpose is to guarantee scientific publication, integrating processes of a different nature: management, editorial, evaluation and certification of the relevance and originality of the contributions, and evaluation and positioning of magazines; supported on Information and Communication Technologies, to increase their levels of efficiency and effectiveness.

Introduction: Camphenol Plus is a chlorophenolic derivative commonly used as an intra – duct medication for pulporadicular treatments in Dentistry. Scientific reports about the use of this medication on the role of potassium ion channels in the contractile dynamics of induced arterial smooth muscle are low. Objective: to determine the role of potassium ion channels in the contractile dynamics of Camphenol Plus - induced arterial smooth muscle. Method: a preclinical experimental investigation was performed at the "Oscar Langerdorff" Institute of Physiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany, between October and December 2018. A total of 30 aortic rings obtained from 10 Wistar rats (n=10) were used. The biological preparations were placed in an organ bath and preactivated with Krebs solution concentrated in potassium ions, afterwards it was recorded the tension developed by the vascular smooth muscle after applying the Camphenol Plus solutions in different time intervals. The Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon test were applied. Results: the 31.4% of vascular smooth muscle was relaxed by the effect of Camphenol Plus after preactivation with Krebs solution concentrated in potassium ions. The greatest decrease in vascular tone occurred between the first and third minutes after the use of the drug solutions prepared at 7 %. Conclusions: the in vitro vasorelaxant effect produced by the Camphenol Plus medication on arterial smooth muscle is mediated by the potassium ion channels sensitive to voltage, calcium and the adenosine triphosphate of the vascular endothelium and sarcolemma.

Introduction: ending 2019, the first reported cases of Covid-19 broke out in Wuhan, China. This disease may affect directly the cardiovascular system or predispose it to be infected by the SARS-CoV-2. Objective: to identify the cardiometabolic predictive factors for mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 from Santiago de Cuba city in the period May 2020 throughout May 2021. Method: an analytical cohort study was carried out. It was a co-operative research that involved professionals from the Internal Medicine and Intensive Care Services at the Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico “Ambrosio Grillo Portuondo”, as well as professionals from the Dirección Municipal de Salud in Santiago de Cuba city. A sample of 120 patients was selected for the identification of cardiometabolic predictive factors for mortality. Data analysis was based on the performance of a multivariate model (multivariate logistic regression). Results: throughout the hospitalization period 15 diseases were reported. Female sex was predominant but statistically we can´t associate to the deaths these two gender variables. However, age over 60 years, the arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and, in a high rank, the vascular involvement, were observed in a strongly association with mortality (p=0.0001). Conclusions: this research allowed the identification of cardiometabolic predictive factors for mortality in COVID-19, where age over 60 years, vascular involvement (cardiogenic shock), hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the main causal factors in the pathophysiological and statistical explanation of mortality.

Introduction: the use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is an indispensable tool for the continuous distance teaching-learning process. Technostress is the result of the individual inability of a person to adapt normally to the use of new technologies within their work activities. Objective: to identify the stress factors associated with the use of ICT in primary and secondary education teachers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic (November 2021 and January 2022), in Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador. There was implemented the complete closure of schools as a sanitary measure. Method: a study of quantitative approach of correlational scope and transactional design, applied to 485 teachers of fiscal and private educational units, to whom a questionnaire of 20 questions was applied, that measured different factors, such as: skepticism about the use of ICT, work fatigue, anxiety and inefficiency. The results of the study were statistically analyzed through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM); developed in SPPS 20 and AMOS 24. Results: through the estimates thrown in the AMOS Output, we obtained: skepticism (ß=0.327), work fatigue (ß=0.238), anxiety (ß=0.394) and inefficiency (ß=0.010). Conclusions: it was possible to show that skepticism, work fatigue and anxiety are influential factors in the presence of teaching technostress, while inefficiency is not. These aspects will serve as a basis for the formulation of strategies and measures that allow the effective and sustainable integration of ICTs in the educational field.